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Frederick Alexcee (1853 – 1940s) was a Tsimshian carver and painter from the community of Lax Kw'alaams (Port Simpson, a.k.a. Fort Simpson), British Columbia, Canada. Alexcee (his last name has also been spelled Alexie, Alexee, etc.) was born in Lax Kw'alaams, then known as Fort Simpson, in 1853. His father was an Iroquois laborer from eastern Canada who was in the employee of the Hudson's Bay Company at Fort Simpson. His mother was Tsimshian from the Giluts'aaw tribe, one of the "Nine Tribes" from the lower Skeena River area based at Lax Kw'alaams. In the matrilineal system of the Tsimshian, Alexcee followed his mother as a Giluts'aaw and as a member of the Gispwudwada (Killerwhale clan or phratry). His Tsimshian name was 'Wiiksmwan, meaning Great Deer Woman. Alexcee was trained as a ''halaayt'' carver, the term ''halaayt'' referring to shamanic practices which were the prerogative of chiefs. He produced ''naxnox'' (spirit) paraphernalia and items for use in "secret society" ceremonies. All of these were practices which late-19th-century missionaries in Lax Kw'alaams were endeavoring to eradicate. Alexcee also carved for the Indian curio trade and produced paintings and drawings depicting traditional life in Port Simpson. He carved human figures to adorn a baptismal font in Port Simpson's Methodist church. He died some time in the 1940s. Works of his can be found at the University of British Columbia's Museum of Anthropology, the Museum of Northern British Columbia in Prince Rupert, the New Westminster Museum and Archives and the Royal British Columbia Museum in Victoria. ==Bibliography== *Barbeau, Marius (1945) "Frederick Alexie: A Primitive." ''Canadian Review of Music and Art,'' vol. 3, no. 11/12. *Hawker, Ronald William (1991) "Frederick Alexie: Euro-Canadian Discussions of a First Nations Artist." ''Canadian Journal of Native Studies,'' vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 229–252. *Hawker, Ronald W., “Transformed or Transformative? Two Northwest Coast Artists in the Era of Assimilation” in American Indian Culture and Research Vol. 25, No. 2 (2001), 37-61. *Hawker, Ronald W. Tales of Ghosts: First Nations art in British Columbia, 1922-61. Vancouver: UBC Press, 2003. *McCormick, Kaitlin A. “Neither One nor the ‘Other’”: The Unique Oeuvre of Frederick Alexcee. Unpublished Masters’ Thesis. Ottawa: Carleton University Faculty of Arts and Sciences, 2010. *Simmons, Diedre. “Frederick Alexcee, Indian Artist (c. 1857 to c. 1944)” The Journal of Canadian Art History. 14 (1 August 1992). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Frederick Alexcee」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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